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What You’ll Learn in 3 Months?
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"Your 40-Class English Course – Day-by-Day Guide"

This 40-day guide maps out your complete English course — from basics to fluency. Tap any day to review lessons, stay organized, and move one step closer to confident English speaking!

🗓️ Day 1 – A New Beginning!

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” — Nelson Mandela

1. Let’s Break the Ice – I Want to Know You!

Welcome to your first day!
I’ll start by introducing myself with energy and honesty — and I want the same from you.

Today, I’ll ask you to share:

Your name
Your education background
Why you want to learn English
A little about your hobbies or dreams

This is not just an activity — it helps me understand your level, confidence, and how I can guide you better.

2. Why English? Let Me Tell You Why This Matters

Today, I’ll share with you the real reasons why learning English can change your life.

You’ll understand how it helps you:

In daily conversations
In job interviews and career growth
To build your confidence
While traveling, meeting new people, and using modern tools like the internet and apps

I’ll also share some inspiring stories — real people who improved their lives because they dared to learn English. You can be one of them.

3. What You’ll Learn – Our 3-Month Journey

I want you to know exactly what you’ll gain from this course.

Here’s what I’ll teach you:

Vocabulary building – from daily life to professional English
Grammar basics – made simple and useful
Speaking & pronunciation – to help you sound confident and clear
Reading & writing – to improve understanding and expression
Conversation skills – so you can talk with anyone, anytime

By the end of these 3 months, I promise — you’ll be confident enough to speak fluently, crack interviews, and express yourself with pride.

🗓️ Day 2

“The beautiful thing about learning is that no one can take it away from you.” — B.B. King

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
1	Annoy	To bother or irritate	آزارده ساختن، خفه ساختن	The noise from the street began to annoy me.
2	Announce	To make something known	اعلان کردن	They will announce the results tomorrow.
3	Array	A large group or collection	صف بستن	The shop displayed an array of shoes.
4	Allow	To give permission	اجازه دادن	He didn't allow me to go out last night.
5	Ammunition	Military weapons or bullets	تجهیزات جنگی، مهمات	The soldiers ran out of ammunition.
6	Anniversary	A yearly celebration	سالگرد	They celebrated their 10th wedding anniversary.
7	Appropriate	Suitable or proper	اختصاص دادن، مناسب	That’s not an appropriate way to speak.
8	Anarchy	Disorder, no law	هرج و مرج، بی‌قانونی	After the king was overthrown, anarchy followed.
9	Anarchist	A person against authority	هرج و مرج خواه	The anarchist refused to obey any rules.
10	Authority	Power or control	مقام	He has no authority to make that decision.
11	Approve	To accept or agree to	تصویب کردن	The manager did not approve the budget plan.
12	Ability	Skill to do something	توانایی، شایستگی	She has the ability to solve problems quickly.
13	Abnormal	Not usual or regular	غیر عادی	The test results were abnormal.
14	Absolve	To set free from guilt	بخشیدن	He was absolved of all responsibility.
15	Accommodate	To adjust or fit in	تطبیق کردن	The hotel can accommodate up to 300 guests.
16	Ambush	A surprise attack	کمین‌گرفتن	The army was ambushed during the night.
17	Ancestor	A family member from past	اجداده، نیاکان	My ancestors came from Central Asia.
18	Angel	A spiritual being	فرشته	She looks like an angel in that white dress.
19	Asian	Related to Asia	آسیایی	Many Asian countries have rich cultures.
20	Admire	To respect or praise	تعریف کردن، توصیف کردن	I really admire your dedication.

What is Language? | زبان چیست؟

Definition in Persian (Dari):
زبان عبارت از مجموعه قواعدی، سمبول‌های قراردادی و صوتی است که به‌منظور افهام و تفهیم استفاده می‌شود.

English Meaning:
Language is a set of rules, symbols (written or spoken), and sounds used to communicate ideas, feelings, and information.(( Language is a tool for understanding and being understood.))

Types of Language (By Form) | انواع زبان از نگاه شکل

We can divide language into three main types based on form:

Type	English Term	Persian (Dari) Meaning	Usage
1️⃣	Written Language (Formal)	زبان نوشتار (ادبی)	Used in books, articles, academic or official writing. Grammar is strictly followed.
2️⃣	Spoken Language (Colloquial)	زبان گفتار (عامیانه)	Used in everyday conversation. Grammar rules may not always be followed.
3️⃣	Sign Language (Demonstrative)	زبان حرکی (اشاره‌یی)	Communication through gestures and signs, commonly used by speech-impaired individuals.

Definitions:

1. Written Language (Formal)

Persian: زبان نوشتاری که نکات دستوری در آن رعایت می‌شود.
English: A form of language that follows grammatical rules. Commonly found in books, magazines, and academic writing.

2. Spoken Language (Colloquial)

Persian: زبانی برای محاوره روزمره که قواعد خاصی رعایت نمی‌شود.
English: Used in daily conversation. It’s more relaxed and less strict about grammar.

3. Sign Language (Demonstrative)

Persian: زبان اشاره‌ای که با حرکات و اشارات استفاده می‌شود.
English: A non-verbal form of language used to communicate through gestures, often by or with mute people.

Types of Language (By Meaning) | انواع زبان از لحاظ مفهوم

Type	English Term	Persian (Dari) Meaning	Description
1️⃣	Language in a General Sense	زبان به مفهوم عام	Includes signs, signals, traffic symbols, etc.
2️⃣	Language in a Specific Sense	زبان به مفهوم خاص	Spoken or written language based on structured rules (grammar).

General Language (Common Meaning)

Persian: زبانی که همراه اشارات، حرکات، لوحه‌ها، اشارات ترافیکی و غیره استفاده می‌شود.
English: Includes any non-verbal methods like signs or traffic signals that convey meaning.

Specific Language (Proper Meaning)

Persian: استفاده از علامت‌های صوتی و قراردادی به منظور تفهیم در قالب گفتار.
English: A system of spoken or written symbols used to convey thoughts and ideas according to grammar.

What is Grammar? | گرامر چیست؟

Persian (Dari):
گرامر (دستور زبان) مجموعه‌ای از قواعد است که به منظور درست نوشتن، درست خواندن و افهام و تفهیم استفاده می‌شود.

English:
Grammar is a collection of rules that help us write correctly, speak clearly, and understand one another.

👋 Welcome, dear students!

Today is the first step of your English-learning journey. In this course, you’ll discover answers to questions like:

How do I introduce myself in English?
How do I speak with confidence in interviews?
How can I understand English movies, YouTube videos, or songs?
How do I write messages, emails, or resumes in English?
How can English help me get a better job or go abroad?

In this class, we will learn step by step:

📖 Alphabets – How to read and write English letters properly.
🗣️ Speaking Skills – How to talk fluently and clearly.
✍️ Writing Skills – How to write sentences, paragraphs, and emails.
🎧 Listening Skills – How to understand spoken English.
📚 Grammar & Vocabulary – To build correct sentences confidently.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
Writing	Write 5 lines to introduce yourself in English.
Speaking	Interduce 1 person of your family you feel He/She is special in your life.

🗓️ Day 3

“Knowledge is power. Information is liberating. Education is the premise of progress.” — Kofi Annan

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
21	Ballot	A piece of paper used to vote	ورقه رأی	Each voter was given a ballot to cast their vote.
22	Ballot box	A box where ballots are collected	صندوق رأی دهی	The ballot box was sealed after the voting ended.
23	Barber	A person who cuts hair	سلمان	I went to the barber for a haircut yesterday.
24	Blind	Unable to see	کور، نابینا	He has been blind since birth.
25	Barrack	A building for soldiers	سرباز خانه	The soldiers returned to their barracks after training.
26	Broadcast	To transmit a program	نشر کردن	The match was broadcast live on television.
27	Blare	To make a loud noise	جار زدن	Music blared from the car speakers.
28	Bonus	Extra payment	انعام	She received a bonus for her excellent performance.
29	Bribe	A gift to influence someone dishonestly	رشوت، رشوت دادن	He offered the official a bribe to ignore the rules.
30	Broker	An agent who buys/sells things	دلال	He works as a real estate broker in the city.
31	Compatriot	Fellow countryman	هموطن	I met a compatriot during my trip to Canada.
32	Confront	To face someone/something	روبرو شدن	She had to confront her fears to move forward.
33	Convenient	Suitable or easy to use	راحت، مناسب	Online shopping is very convenient these days.
34	Cheat	To deceive or trick	نقل کردن، فریب دادن	He tried to cheat during the exam.
35	Chemical	A substance used in science	کیمیاوی	This chemical can be dangerous if not handled carefully.
36	Confident	Sure of oneself	مطمئن	She felt confident about her presentation.
37	Confidence	Belief in oneself	اطمینان	He spoke with great confidence.
38	Court	A place where legal cases are heard	محکمه	The case will be heard in court next week.
39	Captive	A prisoner or someone held	اسیر	The soldiers freed the captives from the enemy camp.
40	Captivate	To attract or hold interest	اسیر کردن	Her performance captivated the audience.

Alphabet (الفبا)

Definition: Persian (Dari):
الفبا عبارت از نشانه‌های قراردادی و صوتی است که اساس یک زبان را تشکیل می‌دهد.
English:
The alphabet is a system of symbolic and phonetic signs that form the foundation of a language.

The English language has 26 letters, which are divided into:

Capital Letters (حروف بزرگ)
Small Letters (حروف کوچک)

Capital Letters | حروف بزرگ

Capital letters are written in uppercase form and are used in specific cases:

Usage	Example	Dari Explanation
1️⃣ At the beginning of a sentence	He is a student.	برای نوشتن حرف اول جمله
2️⃣ For proper nouns (names)	Ahmad is my friend.	برای اسم‌های خاص
3️⃣ Days of the week	Today is Wednesday.	روزهای هفته
4️⃣ Months of the year	My birthday is in June.	ماه‌های سال
5️⃣ The pronoun “I”	I am a teacher.	ضمیر فاعلی “I”
6️⃣ Abbreviations	USA, UN, UK	مخفف‌ها و نام‌های رسمی

Small Letters | حروف کوچک

Small letters are the non-capital forms of the alphabet. They are commonly used in:

Writing books, articles, magazines, etc.
Everyday written communication.

Complete English Alphabet (Capital + Small):

Types of Letters (by Sound) | انواع حروف از نظر صدا

Letters in English can also be categorized based on pronunciation:

Type	English Term	Letters	Dari Meaning
1️⃣	Vowel Letters	A, E, I, O, U	حروف صدادار – در تلفظ مانعی ندارند
2️⃣	Consonant Letters	All letters except vowels	حروف بی‌صدا – مانع در تلفظ دارند
3️⃣	Semi-Vowels	Sometimes W and Y	حروف نیمه‌صدادار – بسته به موقعیت صدادار یا بی‌صدا هستند

Vowel Letters | حروف صدادار

Persian (Dari):
حروفی که در هنگام تلفظ مانعی در دهان ایجاد نمی‌کنند و هرکدام می‌توانند یک هجا را بسازند.

English:
Vowels are letters that are pronounced without obstruction in the vocal tract and can form a syllable on their own.

Vowel Letters: A – E – I – O – U

حروف نیمه‌ صدادار (Semi-Vowel Letters – Vowel Sime)

Definition:

Semi-vowels are letters that sometimes behave like vowels and sometimes like consonants, depending on their position in the word.

✅ At the beginning of words: Consonant sound

Examples:

Yes → Y is pronounced like a consonant
Water → W is pronounced like a consonant
Yellow, Win, Yard, Wish

✅ At the end of words: Vowel sound

Examples:

Cry → Y sounds like “ee” → a vowel
Sky, Spy, Fly, Window → Y or W here acts like a vowel

(Consonant Letters)

Letters Consonant: These are the letters in English that, when pronounced, create obstruction in the vocal tract (در هنگام تلفظ‌شان در سیستم گفتار موانع ایجاد می‌شود). They cannot form a syllable on their own like vowels do.

✅ حروف بی‌صدا نمی‌توانند به‌تنهایی یک هجا (Syllable) را تشکیل دهند.
✅ به‌جز از حروف صدادار (A, E, I, O, U)، باقی تمام حروف انگلیسی بی‌صدا هستند.

✅ There are 19 consonant letters in English:

B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Z

Examples

حرف بی‌صدا	مثال	توضیح
B	Book	تلفظ با بستن لب‌ها
D	Dog	نوک زبان با سقف دهان برخورد می‌کند
K	King	با عقب زبان و سقف دهان تلفظ می‌شود
S	Sun	جریان هوا با زبان مانع می‌شود
T	Time	تلفظ با انفجار سریع هوا

Compound Letters

Definition:

In English, some sounds are not represented by a single letter. These sounds are created by combining two or more letters. These are known as Compound Letters.

They do not exist as individual letters in the English alphabet but are formed by fixed combinations.

List of Common Compound Letters:

#	Compound	Sound (Approximate)	Example	Meaning
1️⃣	Ch	“ch” as in “چ”	Chalk	a soft white rock
2️⃣	Sh	“sh” as in “ش”	Shy	feeling timid
3️⃣	Zh	“zh” as in “ژ”	Zhala	(a name) Zhala
4️⃣	Gh	“gh” as in “غ”	Ghulam	(a name) Ghulam
5️⃣	Kh	“kh” as in “خ”	Khala	(aunt in some cultures)
6️⃣	Ph	“f” sound	Phone	telephone
7️⃣	Ture	“chur” as in “چه”	Nature	natural world
8️⃣	Tion	“shun” as in “شن”	Nation	a country
9️⃣	Sion	“zhun” as in “ژن”	Television	device for viewing
🔟	Cient	“shent” as in “شنت”	Ancient	very old

👋 Welcome, dear students!

Today is the first step of your English-learning journey. In this course, you’ll discover answers to questions like:

How do I introduce myself in English?
How do I speak with confidence in interviews?
How can I understand English movies, YouTube videos, or songs?
How do I write messages, emails, or resumes in English?
How can English help me get a better job or go abroad?

In this class, we will learn step by step:

📖 Alphabets – How to read and write English letters properly.
🗣️ Speaking Skills – How to talk fluently and clearly.
✍️ Writing Skills – How to write sentences, paragraphs, and emails.
🎧 Listening Skills – How to understand spoken English.
📚 Grammar & Vocabulary – To build correct sentences confidently.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
Writing	Write 5 lines to introduce yourself in English.
Speaking	Interduce 1 person of your family you feel He/She is special in your life.

🗓️ Day 4

“An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” — Benjamin Franklin

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
41	Captivity	The state of being imprisoned or confined	اسارت	The bird was released after years of captivity.
42	Conspiracy	A secret plan to do something harmful	توطئه، دسیسه	The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government.
43	Accuse	To say someone has done something wrong	متهم کردن	He was accused of stealing the documents.
44	Accusation	A claim that someone has done something wrong	تهمت، اتهام	The accusation was proven to be false.
45	Accused	A person who is charged with a crime	متهم	The accused appeared in court today.
46	Arise	To get up or come into being	برخاستن، بلند شدن	Problems may arise if we don’t act quickly.
47	Annihilate	To destroy completely	از بین بردن	The enemy forces were annihilated in the battle.
48	Animate	To give life or spirit to something	روح بخشیدن، زنده ساختن	Cartoons use drawings that are animated to move and talk.
49	Area	A region or part of a place	ساحه، منطقه	This area is known for its beautiful landscapes.
50	Amuse	To entertain or make someone laugh	سرگرم ساختن	The clown amused the children with his tricks.
51	Amusement	The state of being entertained or finding something funny	سرگرمی	The park is full of rides and other amusements.
52	Accept	To receive or agree to something	قبول کردن	She accepted the job offer without hesitation.
53	Access	The ability to enter or use something	دسترسی	Students have access to the library until 8 PM.
54	Alien	A foreigner or a being from another world	بیگانه	In the movie, the aliens came from another galaxy.
55	Address	A location or to speak to someone	آدرس، خطاب کردن	He gave a short address before the event began.
56	Administrate	To manage or run something	اداره کردن	She administrates the daily operations of the hospital.
57	Administration	The management of an organization	اداره	The school administration decided to change the timetable.
58	Adversity	Difficult or unpleasant situations	بدبختی	He remained strong in the face of adversity.
59	Agricultural	Related to farming or agriculture	زراعتی	The country’s economy is largely agricultural.
60	Almighty	All-powerful, having unlimited power	قادر، توانا	People prayed to the Almighty for protection.

✨ Parts of Speech – اجزای کلام

In English Grammar, every word has a role in a sentence. These roles are called Parts of Speech.
در گرامر زبان انگلیسی، هر کلمه‌ای در جمله کاری انجام می‌دهد. به این دسته‌بندی‌ها اجزای کلام می‌گویند.

There are 8 main parts of speech:

1. Noun – اسم

A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea.
اسم کلمه‌ای است که برای نامیدن شخص، مکان، چیز یا فکر استفاده می‌شود.
Examples: Ahmad, Kabul, Chair
مثال: احمد، کابل، چوکی

2. Pronoun – ضمیر

A pronoun replaces a noun to avoid repetition.
ضمیر به جای اسم می‌آید تا از تکرار آن جلوگیری کند.
Example: Ahmad is a student. He studies hard.
مثال: احمد محصل است. او سخت مطالعه می‌کند.

3. Verb – فعل

A verb shows an action or a state.
فعل کلمه‌ای است که حالت یا عملی را بیان می‌کند.
Examples: He plays football. | She is happy.
مثال: او فوتبال بازی می‌کند. | او خوشحال است.

4. Adjective – صفت

An adjective describes a noun or pronoun.
صفت چگونگی اسم یا ضمیر را بیان می‌کند.
Example: Samim is a clever boy.
مثال: سمیع یک پسر هوشیار است.

👋 Welcome, dear students!

Today is the first step of your English-learning journey. In this course, you’ll discover answers to questions like:

How do I introduce myself in English?
How do I speak with confidence in interviews?
How can I understand English movies, YouTube videos, or songs?
How do I write messages, emails, or resumes in English?
How can English help me get a better job or go abroad?

In this class, we will learn step by step:

📖 Alphabets – How to read and write English letters properly.
🗣️ Speaking Skills – How to talk fluently and clearly.
✍️ Writing Skills – How to write sentences, paragraphs, and emails.
🎧 Listening Skills – How to understand spoken English.
📚 Grammar & Vocabulary – To build correct sentences confidently.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
Writing	Write 15 sentence and make sure you are highlighting parts of speach
Speaking	Speaking about (My Favorite Food and Why I Love It )

🗓️ Day 5

“The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you’ll go.” — Dr. Seuss

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
61	Ally	A person or country joined in a partnership	متحد شدن	The two countries allied to fight the common enemy.
62	Almshouse	A house for poor people supported by charity	دارالمساکین	The old man lived in an almshouse after retiring.
63	Agriculture	The practice of farming	زراعت	Agriculture is the backbone of the country’s economy.
64	Banner	A large strip of cloth with a slogan	بیرق	The crowd held banners during the protest.
65	Burst	To explode or break suddenly	انفجار کردن	The balloon burst with a loud pop.
66	Confess	To admit the truth	اقرار کردن	He confessed to the crime during questioning.
67	Certify	To confirm officially	تصدیق کردن	The doctor certified him as medically fit.
68	Combat	Fighting between armed forces	مبارزه کردن	The soldiers were trained in hand-to-hand combat.
69	Combatant	A person engaged in fighting	مبارز	The combatants fought bravely in the war.
70	Capacity	The maximum amount something can hold	ظرفیت، گنجایش	The hall has a seating capacity of 500 people.
71	Catch	To grab or seize something	گرفتن، بدست آوردن	Try to catch the ball before it hits the ground.
72	Celebrate	To observe an event with joy	تجلیل کردن	We celebrated her birthday with cake and music.
73	Commentator	A person who narrates events	صاحب نظر	The sports commentator described the game with great excitement.
74	Centralize	To bring control to a single point	متمرکز ساختن	The government wants to centralize education systems.
75	Cowboy	A person who takes care of cattle	چوپان	The cowboy rode across the field on his horse.
76	Conquer	To take control of something by force	فتح کردن	The army conquered several territories in a week.
77	Controller	Someone who directs or regulates	کنترول کننده	The flight controller gave the landing signal.
78	Content	Satisfied; to please	قناعت دادن	He was content with his final exam results.
79	Contentment	A state of satisfaction	قناعت	She lived a life of peace and contentment.
80	Cookie	A small sweet baked treat	کلچه	I baked a fresh batch of cookies last night.

✨ Parts of Speech – اجزای کلام

There are 8 main parts of speech:

5. Adverb – قید

An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
قید معنی فعل، صفت یا قید دیگر را کامل می‌سازد.
Examples:

I come safely.
She is very lazy.
He speaks quite correctly

6. Preposition – حرف اضافه

A preposition shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words in the sentence.
حرف اضافه رابطه میان اسم یا ضمیر و کلمات دیگر را نشان می‌دهد.
Example: Ahmad is in the class.
مثال: احمد در صنف است.

7. Conjunction – حرف ربط

A conjunction connects two words, phrases, or sentences.
حرف ربط دو کلمه، عبارت یا جمله را به هم وصل می‌کند.
Example: Ahmad and Salim are brothers, but they don’t study well.
مثال: احمد و سلیم برادر هستند، اما خوب درس نمی‌خوانند.

8. Interjection – حرف ندا

An interjection shows strong or sudden feelings.
حرف ندا برای نشان دادن احساسات یا هیجانات ناگهانی استفاده می‌شود.
Example: Pooh! I hurt myself.
مثال: اخ! خود را زخمی کردم.

👋 Welcome, dear students!

Today is the first step of your English-learning journey. In this course, you’ll discover answers to questions like:

How do I introduce myself in English?
How do I speak with confidence in interviews?
How can I understand English movies, YouTube videos, or songs?
How do I write messages, emails, or resumes in English?
How can English help me get a better job or go abroad?

In this class, we will learn step by step:

📖 Alphabets – How to read and write English letters properly.
🗣️ Speaking Skills – How to talk fluently and clearly.
✍️ Writing Skills – How to write sentences, paragraphs, and emails.
🎧 Listening Skills – How to understand spoken English.
📚 Grammar & Vocabulary – To build correct sentences confidently.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
Writing	Write 5 lines to introduce yourself in English.
Speaking	Interduce 1 person of your family you feel He/She is special in your life.

🗓️ Day 6

“Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.” — John Dewey

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
81	Corona	A crown-like structure or halo (often solar)	تاج	The corona is visible during a total solar eclipse.
82	Cough	To expel air suddenly from the lungs; an act of coughing	سرفه، سرفه کردن	He had a bad cough all night.
83	Corps	A group or team of people with a specific purpose	هیئت	The medical corps arrived quickly at the disaster site.
84	Correspondent	A journalist or reporter	خبرنگار	The war correspondent sent daily updates from the battlefield.
85	Cooperate	To work together with others	همکاری کردن	We need to cooperate to finish the project on time.
86	Cooperation	The act of working together	همکاری	Their cooperation made the event a big success.
87	Centralize	To bring all parts under one control or center	متمرکز ساختن	The company decided to centralize its customer service.
88	Certainty	Confidence or assurance in something	اطمینان	I can say with certainty that the exam was easy.
89	Cooperator	A person who works together with others	همکار	She’s a reliable and honest cooperator in every task.
90	Collusion	Secret or illegal cooperation for deceitful purposes	دسیسه	The politicians were accused of collusion.
91	Casualty	A person injured or killed in an accident or war	تلفات	There were several casualties after the bombing.
92	Crime	An illegal act	جرم	Theft is considered a serious crime.
93	Criminal	A person who commits crimes	مجرم، جنایت‌کار	The criminal was arrested near the border.
94	Commit	To carry out or perform (usually something wrong)	مرتکب شدن	He committed a serious error in judgment.
95	Common sense	Good and sound practical judgment	عقل سلیم	Use your common sense when making decisions.
96	Case	A particular situation or legal matter	قضیه	The court will hear the case tomorrow.
97	Culminate	To reach the highest point or final stage	به اوج رسیدن	The celebration will culminate in a grand fireworks display.
98	Chieftain	A leader of a tribe or clan	رئیس قبیله	The chieftain made a speech to his people.
99	Council	A group of people who make decisions or give advice	شورا	The city council approved the new budget.
100	Conspirator	A person involved in a secret harmful plan	توطئه‌کننده	The conspirators were arrested for planning the attack.

✅ To Be Verbs – افعال "بودن"

🔹 What are “To Be” Verbs?

“To be” verbs are used to show a state or condition in a sentence.
افعال بودن افعالی هستند که جهت نشان دادن حالت در جمله‌ها به کار می‌روند.

📘 Common “To Be” Verbs:

Am, Is, Are, Was, Were
افعال رایج بودن عبارتند از:
Am – Is – Are (حال)
Was – Were (گذشته)

🔹 Present Tense – حال ساده

Subject	Verb	فارسی
I	am	من هستم
You	are	شما هستید
We	are	ما هستیم
They	are	آنها هستند
He	is	او (مذکر) است
She	is	او (مونث) است
It	is	آن (بی‌جان) است

📝 Examples:

I am a boy.
من یک پسر هستم.
He is a student.
او یک محصل است.

🔹 Past Tense – گذشته ساده

Subject	Verb	فارسی
I	was	من بودم
You	were	شما بودید
We	were	ما بودیم
They	were	آنها بودند
He	was	او (مذکر) بود
She	was	او (مونث) بود
It	was	آن (بی‌جان) بود

📝 Examples:

I was a student.
من یک محصل بودم.
You were students.
شما محصلان بودید.

❓ How to Make Questions with “To Be” Verbs?

👉 To make a question, bring the to be verb to the beginning of the sentence.
در سوال، فعل بودن را به اول جمله می‌آوریم.

Example:

He is a student. → Is he a student?
او یک محصل است؟

❌ How to Make Negative Sentences?

👉 Add “not” directly after the to be verb.
برای منفی ساختن، فقط کلمه “not” را بعد از فعل بودن می‌آوریم.

Example:

He is a student. → He is not a student.
او یک محصل نیست.

✅ Tip for Students:
Learning “to be” verbs is your first step in building clear English sentences. Practice making affirmative, negative, and question forms with every pronoun!

Class Practice – To Be Verbs (Am, Is, Are, Was, Were)

✅ Part 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct “to be” verb

I ___ a student.
He ___ a doctor.
They ___ my friends.
She ___ very smart.
We ___ in the classroom.
It ___ a book.
You ___ ready.

✅ Part 2: Change into Negative Sentences

He is a teacher. → __________________________
I am happy. → __________________________
They are in the garden. → __________________________

✅ Part 3: Change into Questions

She is a nurse. → __________________________
They are tired. → __________________________
You are my classmate. → __________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 7

“Learning never exhausts the mind.” — Leonardo da Vinci

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
101	Coot	A silly or foolish person	آدم ساده و احمق	That old coot forgot his wallet again.
102	Copper	A reddish-brown metal used in coins and wires	مس	The pipes are made of copper.
103	Ceremony	A formal event or celebration	محفل	The graduation ceremony was beautiful.
104	Ceremonial	Related to or used in a ceremony	تشریفاتی	He wore his ceremonial uniform at the event.
105	Cruel	Causing pain without mercy	ظالم	The ruler was known for his cruel actions.
106	Cruelty	Behavior that causes pain or suffering	ظلم	Animal cruelty is punished by law.
107	Clay	Soft sticky earth used for making pottery	گل	She shaped the clay into a beautiful pot.
108	Claim	To say something is true or yours	ادعا کردن	He claimed the suitcase belonged to him.
109	Clap	To strike hands together to show appreciation	کف زدن	The audience clapped loudly after the performance.
110	Climb	To go up something	بالا شدن	We climbed the mountain before sunset.
111	Clear	Easy to understand; free from doubt or obstruction	واضح	Her instructions were clear and helpful.
112	Clearify*	*(Likely meant “Clarify”) – to make something clear	واضح ساختن	Can you clarify what you meant in the last sentence?
113	Caliph	A Muslim religious and political leader	خلیفه	The Caliph led the empire wisely.
114	Die	To stop living	مردن	The flowers died without water.
115	Death	The end of life	مرگ	We all must face death one day.
116	Dead	No longer alive	مرده	The phone battery is dead.
117	Data	Information collected for analysis	معلومات	The data shows an increase in sales.
118	Discrimination	Unfair treatment based on race, gender, etc.	تبعیض	Discrimination in the workplace is illegal.
119	Disdain	Strong dislike or disrespect	خوار شمردن، عار دانستن	She looked at the idea with disdain.
120	Disability	A physical or mental condition that limits movement	ناتوانی	He didn’t let his disability stop him from succeeding.

✅ To Have Verbs – افعال داشتن

Definition:
“To Have” verbs are used to show possession or ownership in a sentence.
افعال داشتن، افعالی هستند که برای نشان دادن مالکیت یا داشتن چیزی در جمله به کار می‌روند.

🔤 Forms of “To Have” Verbs:

Present Tense:
- Have → I, You, We, They
- Has → He, She, It
Past Tense:
- Had → For all subjects (I, You, He, She, It, We, They)

📅 Present Conjugation (زمان حال):

Subject	Verb	Translation
I	have	من دارم
You	have	شما دارید
We	have	ما داریم
They	have	آنها دارند
He	has	او (مذکر) دارد
She	has	او (مونث) دارد
It	has	آن (بی‌جان) دارد

🔸 Examples:

I have a pencil.
She has a beautiful dress.

📅 Past Conjugation (زمان گذشته):

Subject	Verb	Translation
I	had	من داشتم
You	had	شما داشتید
He	had	او (مذکر) داشت
She	had	او (مونث) داشت
It	had	آن (بی‌جان) داشت
We	had	ما داشتیم
They	had	آنها داشتند

🔸 Examples:

I had a little money.
They had a holiday last week.

❗️Note on Negative and Question Forms:

Usually, to make negative and question forms of “to have” verbs, we use “do/does/did” in the present or past tense:

🔁 Present Tense:

Positive: I have a pen.
Negative: I do not have a pen.
Question: Do I have a pen?
Positive: She has a bag.
Negative: She does not have a bag.
Question: Does she have a bag?

🔁 Past Tense:

Positive: They had a car.
Negative: They did not have a car.
Question: Did they have a car?

✅ Alternative Forms:

Sometimes, we can form questions and negatives without using “do/does/did,” especially in formal English or British usage.

Have I a pen?
I have not a pen.

(However, this usage is less common in modern English.)

✅ Part 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct “to have” verb (have / has / had)

I ___ a red bicycle.
She ___ a lot of homework.
They ___ fun at the party last night.
He ___ a pet dog.
We ___ a great time yesterday.
You ___ a nice smile.
The cat ___ green eyes.

✅ Part 2: Change into Negative Sentences

He has a new car. → __________________________
I have an idea. → __________________________
They had dinner at 8 PM. → __________________________
She has long hair. → __________________________
We had a holiday last week. → __________________________

✅ Part 3: Change into Questions

She has a phone. → __________________________
You have a cold. → __________________________
They had a meeting. → __________________________
He has a problem. → __________________________
I had a good dream. → __________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 8

“Your education is a dress rehearsal for a life that is yours to lead.” — Nora Ephron

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
121	Disdainful	Showing contempt or lack of respect	با غرور	He gave a disdainful glance and walked away.
122	Disgrace	Loss of reputation or honor	بد نام ساختن	He left the company in disgrace after the scandal.
123	Disgraceful	Causing shame or loss of respect	بدنامی	Cheating in exams is a disgraceful act.
124	Disgust	Strong feeling of dislike or disapproval	متنفر ساختن	The smell of the trash disgusted me.
125	Disgusted	Feeling sick or offended by something	متنفر	She was disgusted by his rude comments.
126	Dishearten	To make someone lose hope or confidence	دل‌سرد ساختن	Failure did not dishearten him; he kept trying.
127	Disinherit	To prevent someone from receiving inheritance	از میراث محروم ساختن	He was disinherited after breaking the family rules.
128	Disloyal	Not faithful; betraying trust	خائن، حدشکن، بی‌وفا	A disloyal friend can hurt you deeply.
129	Disobey	To not follow orders or rules	نافرمانی کردن	You will be punished if you disobey the rules.
130	Disobedient	Refusing to follow rules or authority	سرکش، نافرمان‌بردار	The disobedient child ignored his teacher.
131	Dispensation	A special order or permission; a system of rule	سرنوشت	He believed everything happens by divine dispensation.
132	Disprove	To show something is wrong or false	رد کردن	Science can disprove many old beliefs.
133	Disregard	To ignore or pay no attention to	رعایت نکردن	He disregarded the traffic rules.
134	Dissension	Disagreement that causes conflict	اختلاف عقیده، نفاق	The group broke apart due to internal dissension.
135	Dismal	Causing sadness or depression	دلتنگ‌کننده	The weather was dismal all week.
136	Ditch	A narrow hole used for drainage or defense	خندق، حفره، راه‌آب	The car skidded and fell into a ditch.
137	Distribute	To give something to people	تقسیم کردن	Volunteers distributed food to the needy.
138	Distinguish	To recognize the difference between things	فرق کردن	It’s hard to distinguish truth from rumor.
139	Divine	Related to God or extremely good	فعال دیدن (الهی / مقدس)	Many believe love is a divine feeling.
140	Diviner	A person who predicts the future	فعال‌بین	The diviner claimed to see visions of the future.

To Do Verbs – افعال انجام دادن

Definition:
To do verbs are those which are used to show performing of an action in a sentence.
افعال انجام دادن افعالی هستند که دلالت به انجام یک عمل در یک جمله می‌کنند.

🧠 Common To Do Verbs:

Form	Verb	Usage
✅ Base	Do	Present Tense
✅ Base	Does	Present Tense (3rd person singular)
✅ Past	Did	Past Tense

📊 Present Conjugation of “Do”

Subject	Verb	Translation (Dari)
I	do	من انجام می‌دهم
You	do	شما انجام می‌دهید
He	does	او (مرد) انجام می‌دهد
She	does	او (زن) انجام می‌دهد
It	does	او (بی‌جان) انجام می‌دهد
We	do	ما انجام می‌دهیم
They	do	آنها انجام می‌دهند

📝 Note: Use “does” with he, she, it – the third-person singular.

🌐 Examples (Present Tense)

English	Dari Translation
I do my homework every day.	من هر روز وظیفه خانه‌ام را انجام می‌دهم.
She does the chores.	او (زن) کارهای خانه را انجام می‌دهد.
It does bark.	او (سگ/بی‌جان) واق واق می‌کند.

📊 Past Conjugation of “Do” (Did)

Subject	Verb (Past)	Translation (Dari)
I	did	من انجام دادم
You	did	شما انجام دادید
He	did	او (مرد) انجام داد
She	did	او (زن) انجام داد
It	did	او (بی‌جان) انجام داد
We	did	ما انجام دادیم
They	did	آنها انجام دادند

📝 Note: The verb “did” is used for all subjects in the past tense.

🌐 Examples (Past Tense)

English	Dari Translation
We did our homework yesterday.	ما دیروز وظیفه خانه‌ام را انجام دادیم.
He did the dishes last night.	او دیشب ظرف‌ها را شست.
They did a great job in the class.	آنها در صنف کار عالی انجام دادند.

✅ Part 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct “to do” verb (do / does / did)

I ___ my homework every day.
He ___ not like coffee.
They ___ their best in the match.
She ___ the dishes in the morning.
We ___ not go to the market yesterday.
You ___ your project last week.
___ she know the answer?

✅ Part 2: Change into Negative Sentences

He does his homework. → __________________________
I did my project. → __________________________
They do the cooking. → __________________________
She does yoga every day. → __________________________
We did our best. → __________________________

✅ Part 3: Change into Questions

She does her work. → __________________________
You do your homework. → __________________________
They did the cleaning. → __________________________
He does his job well. → __________________________
I did my part. → __________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 9

“The capacity to learn is a gift; the ability to learn is a skill; the willingness to learn is a choice.” — Haseebullah Yousufzai

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
141	Dominate	To control or have power over something or someone	تسلط داشتن، حکمفرما بودن	The stronger team dominated the match.
142	Dominance	Power and influence over others	سلطه، چیرگی	The company maintains dominance in the tech industry.
143	Domestic	Related to home or within a country	داخلی، خانگی	They adopted a domestic cat from the shelter.
144	Double entendre	A phrase with two meanings, usually one risqué	سخن دو پهلو	The comedian used a clever double entendre in his joke.
145	Doubter	A person who lacks faith or confidence	شک‌ کننده، بی‌اعتماد	A doubter never fully commits to the plan.
146	Drone	A flying device or someone who works without enthusiasm	طیاره بی‌سرنشین، تنبل	The drone captured aerial footage of the event.
147	Doubt	Lack of certainty or belief	شک، تردید	I have doubts about his story.
148	Doubtful	Uncertain or unsure	مشکوک، تردیدآمیز	It’s doubtful that he will arrive on time.
149	Dishonour	Loss of respect or reputation	بی‌احترامی، بی‌آبرویی	Lying brought great dishonour to his family.
150	Disintegrate	To break into small parts or fall apart	از هم پاشیدن	The old book began to disintegrate in my hands.
151	Disintegration	The process of breaking apart	فروپاشی	The disintegration of the empire happened rapidly.
152	Electioneering	The act of trying to get votes in an election	تبلیغات انتخاباتی	Politicians are busy with electioneering before the polls.
153	Embassy	A building where diplomats work for their country	سفارتخانه	He works at the British embassy in Kabul.
154	Earthly	Related to the world rather than the spiritual	دنیوی، زمینی	He gave up all earthly pleasures to become a monk.
155	Elite	A group of people with power and influence	نخبگان، برگزیدگان	Only the elite attend that private university.
156	Eloquent	Fluent and persuasive in speaking or writing	بلیغ، فصیح	She gave an eloquent speech at the ceremony.
157	Eloquence	Skill in speaking or writing persuasively	فصاحت، سخنوری	His eloquence impressed the audience.
158	Empirical	Based on observation or experience rather than theory	تجربی	The study is based on empirical data from years of research.
159	Emulate	To imitate or try to match someone’s success	تقلید کردن، هم‌چشمی کردن	He tried to emulate his father’s leadership.
160	Endless	Having no end; infinite	بی‌پایان، نامحدود	They had endless conversations during the trip.

To Do Verbs – افعال انجام دادن

Definition:
An article is a word used before a noun or adjective to define or determine them.
حرف تعریف کلمه‌ای است که برای معین ساختن اسم یا صفت استفاده می‌شود.

Example:
The girls are lazy.
دختران تنبل هستند.

Types of Articles – انواع حروف تعریف

Type	Form	Dari Meaning
Definite Article	The	حرف تعریف معین
Indefinite Articles	A / An	حرف‌های تعریف نامعین

1️⃣ Definite Article (The) – حرف تعریف معین

There is only one definite article in English: “The”.
در زبان انگلیسی تنها یک حرف تعریف معین وجود دارد که عبارت از (the) می‌باشد.

✅ When to Use “The” – موارد استفاده

Rule	Example	Dari Explanation
Before things which are unique	The sun, The moon	قبل از اشیائی که یکتا یا بی‌نظیر هستند
Before common nouns	The student, The girl	قبل از اسم‌های عام
Before ordinal numbers	The first class, The second floor	قبل از اعداد وصفی
Before superlative adjectives	The best car, The most clever boy	قبل از شکل عالی صفات

❌ When NOT to Use “The” – مواردی که نباید استفاده شود

Incorrect Usage	Correct Example	Dari Explanation
❌ Before days of the week	✅ Saturday (not The Saturday)	قبل از ایام هفته
❌ Before years or months	✅ 2005 / June (not The 2005)	قبل از سال یا ماه‌ها
❌ Before proper names	✅ Ahmad (not The Ahmad)	قبل از نام‌های خاص

Exception:

✅ The is used with geographical names like rivers, oceans, gulfs:
Ex. The Amo River, The Indian Ocean

2️⃣ Indefinite Articles (A / An) – حروف تعریف نامعین

There are two indefinite articles in English: A and An
در زبان انگلیسی دو حرف تعریف نامعین وجود دارد: (a) و (an)

✅ Rules for A / An

Form	Usage Rule	Examples	Dari Explanation
A	Before words beginning with consonants	A chair, A book	قبل از کلمات با حرف بی‌صدا
An	Before words beginning with vowels (a, e, i, o, u)	An apple, An orange	قبل از کلمات با حرف صدا دار

🧠 Special Note on “U” Sound – یادداشت ویژه

Sound	Article Used	Example	Dari Explanation
U = “You”	A	A university, A European	اگر حرف (U) صدای (یو) بدهد، از (a) استفاده می‌شود
U = “Uh”	An	An umbrella	اگر حرف (U) صدای (اَ) بدهد، از (an) استفاده می‌شود

🧑‍🦱 Using “A” with Names – با نام‌ها

Rule: “A” before a person’s name indicates a stranger or unknown person.
Ex: A Mr. Samim came here yesterday.
Translation: شخصی بنام صمیم دیروز اینجا آمده بود.

✏️ Part 1: Fill in the Blanks with a, an, or the

I saw ___ owl in the tree.
She is reading ___ book.
He has ___ idea.
I need ___ umbrella.
Look at ___ stars in the sky.
There is ___ cat on the wall.
We visited ___ Taj Mahal last year.
I ate ___ orange for breakfast.
He wants to buy ___ house.
She found ___ egg in the basket.

🎯 Part 2: Choose the Correct Article

Circle or tick the correct article:

I want to buy ___ apple.
a) a b) an c) the
___ moon looks beautiful tonight.
a) A b) An c) The
He gave me ___ gift.
a) a b) an c) the
We saw ___ eagle flying high.
a) a b) an c) the
She is wearing ___ yellow dress.
a) a b) an c) the
I live near ___ airport.
a) a b) an c) the
He saw ___ elephant at the zoo.
a) a b) an c) the
They crossed ___ river to reach school.
a) a b) an c) the
___ sun rises in the east.
a) A b) An c) The
She has ___ hour to complete the test.
a) a b) an c) the

✍️ Part 3: Correct the Mistake

Each sentence has a wrong article. Rewrite with the correct one.

She has a orange in her bag.
➤ _____________________________
He is watching an movie.
➤ _____________________________
We went to a Eiffel Tower.
➤ _____________________________
It is an beautiful day.
➤ _____________________________
There was the apple on the table.
➤ _____________________________
He met an teacher at the event.
➤ _____________________________
We saw an tiger at the zoo.
➤ _____________________________
I need an pen.
➤ _____________________________
She has a idea for the project.
➤ _____________________________
They bought a umbrella from the shop.
➤ _____________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 10

“The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet.” — Aristotle

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence
161	Endow	To give a large gift, often money or property	وقف کردن	The university was endowed with a new science lab.
162	Enlighten	To give knowledge or understanding	روشن ساختن	The teacher enlightened us on the topic of world history.
163	Enough	As much or as many as needed	کافی	I have enough time to finish my homework.
164	Enrage	To make very angry	خشمگین ساختن	His rude behavior enraged the manager.
165	Ensnare	To trap or catch	به دام انداختن	The bird was ensnared in the hunter’s net.
166	Enslave	To make someone a slave	غلام ساختن	The enemy enslaved many innocent people during the war.
167	Entreat	To beg or plead seriously	عذرخواهی کردن / التماس کردن	He entreated the judge for mercy.
168	Entangle	To twist together; to get caught	گرفتار کردن	Her hair got entangled in the necklace.
169	Evident	Clearly seen or understood	واضح، معلوم، آشکار	The mistake was evident to everyone in the room.
170	Evidence	Proof or facts to support something	شهادت دادن / مدرک	The police found new evidence at the crime scene.
171	Element	A basic or essential part of something	عنصر، جزء	Water is made of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.
172	Escape	To get away from a place or situation	فرار کردن	The prisoner tried to escape through the window.
173	Deadlock	A situation where no progress can be made	راه‌بندی / بن‌بست	The talks ended in a deadlock with no agreement.
174	Debilitate	To weaken or make feeble	ضعیف ساختن	The disease debilitated him quickly.
175	Debility	Physical or mental weakness	ضعف	After his illness, he suffered from long-term debility.
176	Decapitate	To cut off someone’s head	سربریدن	The criminal was decapitated in ancient times as punishment.
177	Deceive	To trick or mislead	فریب دادن	He deceived her with false promises.
178	Dedicate	To give time or effort with loyalty	وقف کردن، فداکاری	She dedicated her life to helping the poor.
179	Deed	An official document or action	سند، قباله، کردار	He signed the deed to transfer ownership of the house.
180	Deem	To consider or judge something in a particular way	پنداشتن، فرض کردن	The law is deemed unfair by many people.

Tense – Complete Overview

Simple Present Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Simple Present Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + V₁ + Complement	She reads books every day.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Do/Does + S + V₁ + Complement?	Does she read books every day?
Negative (منفی)	S + Do/Does + Not + V₁ + Complement	She does not read books every day.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Do/Does + S + Not + V₁ + Complement?	Does she not read books every day?

📘 2. Usages of Simple Present Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Habitual Actions	Repeated or regular actions. Often with adverbs like: always, usually, etc.	He always drinks tea in the morning.	او همیشه صبح چای می‌نوشد.
2. General Truths or Facts	Scientific or universally accepted truths.	The Earth revolves around the sun.	زمین به دور خورشید می‌گردد.
3. Planned Future Actions	Used for events planned in the near future.	We leave for Kabul tomorrow.	ما فردا به کابل می‌رویم.

🧠 3. Grammatical Notes

Rule	Explanation	Example
🔹 Verb + S / ES with He/She/It	Add “s” to most verbs; Add “es” to verbs ending in o, s, sh, ch, x, z.	She goes, He washes, It fixes
🔹 Verbs ending in Consonant + Y → change Y to I + ES	If a verb ends in a consonant + “y”, change y to i and add es.	He studies, She tries
🔹 Verbs ending in Vowel + Y → add S only	If it ends in vowel + “y”, just add “s”.	He plays, She enjoys
🔹 Use “Does” and “Do” Correctly	Use Does for he, she, it and Do for I, you, we, they in questions/negatives.	Does she work? Do they study?
🔹 Base Verb after Do/Does	Never add “s” after do/does. The main verb stays in base form.	❌ She does studies → ✅ She does study

🌐 More Examples

English Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
I wake up at 6 AM every day.	من هر روز ساعت ۶ بیدار می‌شوم.
He doesn’t like cold water.	او آب سرد دوست ندارد.
Do you go to the gym?	آیا به باشگاه می‌روی؟
She comes to the class on time.	او به موقع به صنف می‌آید.

✏️ Part 1: Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Verb

(Use the correct form of the verb in simple present tense)

She ___ (like) ice cream.
They ___ (play) football every Sunday.
He ___ (go) to school by bus.
I ___ (read) books in the evening.
My father ___ (work) in an office.
We ___ (watch) TV after dinner.
The baby ___ (cry) loudly.
You ___ (speak) English very well.
Riya and Sam ___ (walk) to the park.
The sun ___ (rise) in the east.

🎯 Part 2: Make Negative Sentences

(Use don’t or doesn’t to make the sentence negative)

He eats vegetables.
➤ ______________________________________
They play cricket.
➤ ______________________________________
She sings well.
➤ ______________________________________
I watch cartoons.
➤ ______________________________________
The dog barks at night.
➤ ______________________________________
You like tea.
➤ ______________________________________
We live in Delhi.
➤ ______________________________________
Rahul drinks milk.
➤ ______________________________________
My friends swim in the pool.
➤ ______________________________________
She goes to school.
➤ ______________________________________

❓ Part 3: Make Questions in Simple Present

(Use Do or Does to make questions)

She speaks French.
➤ ______________________________________
They go to the gym.
➤ ______________________________________
He plays the guitar.
➤ ______________________________________
You like mangoes.
➤ ______________________________________
The boy reads a book.
➤ ______________________________________
We visit our grandparents.
➤ ______________________________________
Rohan dances well.
➤ ______________________________________
I eat rice.
➤ ______________________________________
She studies English.
➤ ______________________________________
Dogs bark loudly.
➤ ______________________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 11

“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.” — Mahatma Gandhi

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
181	Defy	To resist or challenge openly	تحریک جنگ کردن	The protesters defied the government’s orders.
182	Defensive	Used or intended to protect	دفاعی	The army took a defensive position near the border.
183	Degrade	To lower in rank or quality	تنزیل رتبه	He was degraded for misconduct in the military.
184	Demoralize	To weaken confidence or spirit	بی‌روحیه ساختن	The constant criticism demoralized the students.
185	Dependable	Reliable or trustworthy	قابل اعتماد	He is a dependable employee who never misses a deadline.
186	Depart	To leave or go away	راهی شدن، حرکت کردن	The train departs at 6 AM.
187	Depose	To remove from power or office	برطرف کردن، خلع کردن	The king was deposed after the revolution.
188	Desperate	Feeling hopeless or in urgent need	ناچار، ناامید	She was desperate to find a job.
189	Detach	To separate or remove	جدا کردن، رها کردن	He detached the phone from the charger.
190	Detestable	Hateful or deserving strong dislike	نفرت‌انگیز	Lying and cheating are detestable behaviors.
191	Devil	An evil spirit or person	شیطان	People believed the devil caused bad things to happen.
192	Devote	To give time, energy, or resources for a cause	وقف کردن، فداکار	She devoted her life to helping the poor.
193	Devoted	Loyal or deeply dedicated	علاقمند، فدائی	He was a devoted father and husband.
194	Devilish	Evil, cruel, or mischievous	شیطان‌صفت	He came up with a devilish plan to trick them.
195	Detachment	A small military unit or the state of being separate	دسته، قسمت قرارگاه	A detachment of soldiers arrived at the camp.
196	Diesel	A type of fuel used in engines	دیزل	This truck runs on diesel instead of petrol.
197	Dignity	The state of being respected and honorable	مقام، عزت نفس	She carried herself with grace and dignity.
198	Dignitary	A person with high rank or position	شخصیت، عالی‌مقام	Many dignitaries attended the international summit.
199	Diligent	Hard-working and careful	کوشا، لایق	She is a diligent student who always completes her work on time.
200	Disarrange	To put out of order; make messy	نامنظم کردن	The wind disarranged all the papers on the desk.

✅ Simple Past Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Simple Past Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + V₂ + Complement	She read a book yesterday.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Did + S + V₁ + Complement?	Did she read a book yesterday?
Negative (منفی)	S + Did + Not + V₁ + Complement	She did not read a book yesterday.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Did + S + Not + V₁ + Complement?	Did she not read a book yesterday?

📘 2. Usages of Simple Past Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Completed Past Actions	Shows a finished action in the past. Often with time words: yesterday, last week, etc.	I met him last night.	من او را شب گذشته ملاقات کردم.
2. Past Questions	To ask about actions or events in the past.	When did you arrive?	چه وقت رسیدی؟
3. Past Habits	With words like always to describe old habits.	He always walked to school.	او همیشه پیاده به مکتب می‌رفت.

🧠 3. Grammatical Notes

Rule	Explanation	Example
🔹 Use V₂ for Affirmative Sentences	Use the second form of the verb.	She went home.
🔹 Use “Did” in Questions/Negatives	Use did and the base form of the verb (V₁) in questions and negatives.	Did you see it? / He did not go.
🔹 Irregular vs Regular Verbs	Regular: add -ed; Irregular: change form.	Work → Worked, Go → Went
🔹 V₂ ≠ V₁ for Irregular Verbs	Past form is different for irregular verbs.	See → Saw, Eat → Ate
🔹 No S/ES in Past Tense	Do not add s/es to any verb in past tense.	✅ He played, ❌ He plays (past)

🌐 More Examples

English Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
I visited my grandmother last weekend.	من آخر هفته گذشته به دیدن مادربزرگم رفتم.
He didn’t like the movie.	او فلم را دوست نداشت.
Did they finish the project on time?	آیا آنها پروژه را به موقع ختم کردند؟
She stayed at home yesterday.	او دیروز در خانه ماند.

✅ Part 1: Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Verb

(Use the V₂ form of the verb – simple past)

She ___ (visit) her aunt last week.
They ___ (play) football yesterday.
He ___ (go) to school on Monday.
I ___ (read) an interesting story.
My father ___ (work) late last night.
We ___ (watch) a movie on Sunday.
The baby ___ (cry) for two hours.
You ___ (speak) very well in the meeting.
Riya and Sam ___ (walk) home after class.
The sun ___ (rise) at 6:00 AM.

❌ Part 2: Make Negative Sentences

(Use did not + V₁ to make the sentence negative)

He watched the movie.
➤ ______________________________________
They played cricket.
➤ ______________________________________
She sang beautifully.
➤ ______________________________________
I ate breakfast early.
➤ ______________________________________
The dog barked at night.
➤ ______________________________________
You liked the food.
➤ ______________________________________
We visited the museum.
➤ ______________________________________
Rahul drank juice.
➤ ______________________________________
My friends swam in the river.
➤ ______________________________________
She went to school.
➤ ______________________________________

❓ Part 3: Make Questions in Simple Past

(Use Did + subject + V₁ to make questions)

She spoke French.
➤ ______________________________________
They visited the zoo.
➤ ______________________________________
He played the piano.
➤ ______________________________________
You liked the movie.
➤ ______________________________________
The boy read a book.
➤ ______________________________________
We cleaned the room.
➤ ______________________________________
Rohan danced well.
➤ ______________________________________
I cooked dinner.
➤ ______________________________________
She studied for the test.
➤ ______________________________________
Dogs barked loudly.
➤ ______________________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 12

“Small daily improvements are the key to staggering long-term results.” — Robin Sharma

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
201	Disband	To break up or dissolve (a group or organization)	برهم زدن	The club was disbanded due to lack of interest.
202	Discredit	To harm the reputation or trustworthiness of	بدنامی، بی‌اعتبار ساختن	The scandal discredited the politician.
203	Discreditable	Causing harm to reputation; not trustworthy	غیر قابل اعتبار	The company was involved in discreditable practices.
204	Discuss	To talk about something seriously or in detail	بحث کردن	We discussed the topic in class.
205	Displace	To move something from its usual place	جابجا کردن، جانشین کردن	The war displaced thousands of families.
206	Destination	The place someone is going to	سرنوشت، تقدیر	We finally reached our destination after a long drive.
207	Disarm	To take weapons away from someone	خلع سلاح کردن	The guards disarmed the attacker quickly.
208	Disarmament	The process of giving up weapons	خلع سلاح	Both countries agreed on nuclear disarmament.
209	District	A region or area marked for a specific purpose	زون، سمت، ولسوالی	She was elected as representative of this district.
210	Donor	A person who gives (usually money or blood)	بخشنده	The hospital thanked every blood donor.
211	Dignified	Showing respect, seriousness, and calm	بزرگوار	He looked dignified in his formal clothes.
212	Discourse	A formal speech or discussion	سخن‌رانی کردن	He gave a powerful discourse on justice.
213	Displeasure	A feeling of dissatisfaction or annoyance	ناراضی ساختن	She showed her displeasure by walking away.
214	Discover	To find something for the first time	کشف کردن	Scientists discovered a new species in the forest.
215	Determine	To decide or conclude after thinking	مشخص کردن، تصمیم گرفتن	She determined to complete the course by June.
216	Delete	To remove or erase	از بین بردن	He deleted the wrong sentence from the paragraph.
217	Estimate	To guess the value or number	تخمین کردن	I estimate the project will take two weeks.
218	Estimation	An approximate calculation	تخمین	His estimation of the cost was very close.
219	Eager	Very interested or excited to do something	علاقه‌مند، مشتاق	The students were eager to learn new words.
220	Eagerly	In a way that shows strong interest or excitement	مشتاقانه	She eagerly opened her gift.

✅ Simple Future Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Simple Future Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + Will/Shall + V₁ + Complement	I shall meet you.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Will/Shall + S + V₁ + Complement?	Shall I meet you?
Negative (منفی)	S + Will/Shall + Not + V₁ + Complement	I shall not meet you.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Will/Shall + S + Not + V₁ + Complement?	Shall I not meet you?

✅ 2. Alternative Structure (To be going to)

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + To be (am/is/are) + going to + V₁ + Complement	She is going to visit her mother.
Interrogative (سوالی)	To be + S + going to + V₁ + Complement?	Is she going to visit her mother?
Negative (منفی)	S + To be + not + going to + V₁ + Complement	She is not going to visit her mother.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	To be + S + not + going to + V₁ + Complement?	Is she not going to visit her mother?

📝 Note: The second structure (to be going to) is often used informally to express intention or plans.
✍🏻 قابل ذکر است که فورمول دوم برای نشان دادن قصد یا قرار قبلی استعمال می‌گردد.

📘 3. Usages of Simple Future Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Action in the Future	Describes an action that will happen at a specific time in the future.	We shall leave here tomorrow.	ما فردا از اینجا خواهیم رفت.
2. Intentions or Plans (informal)	To express something that is planned to be done. Often used with “going to”.	They are going to travel next week.	آنها هفته آینده سفر خواهند کرد.
🔹 Common Time Adverbs	tomorrow, next week, next month, soon, in 5 minutes, in 2026, etc.	He will call you in the evening.	او شام به تو زنگ خواهد زد.

🧠 4. Grammatical Notes

Rule	Explanation	Example
🔹 Use will/shall for future actions	“Will” is more common; “Shall” is used with I/we (mostly British English)	I shall help you. / She will come.
🔹 Use base form (V₁) after will/shall	Do not add “s”, “ed”, or “ing”	✅ He will go. ❌ He will goes.
🔹 To be + going to for intentions	Use am/is/are + going to + base verb	We are going to attend the class.
🔹 Shall is optional and formal	“Will” is more common in spoken English	✅ I will see you later.

🌐 More Examples

English Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
They will go to Pakistan next week.	آنها هفته آینده به پاکستان خواهند رفت.
I am going to start a new project soon.	من به زودی یک پروژه جدید را شروع خواهم کرد.
Will you join the meeting tomorrow?	آیا فردا در جلسه شرکت می‌کنی؟
She will not be here next month.	او ماه آینده اینجا نخواهد بود.
Are you not going to help your friend?	آیا به دوستت کمک نخواهی کرد؟

✅ Part 1: Fill in the Blanks with the Correct Future Form

(Use will/shall + V₁ OR am/is/are going to + V₁)

I ___ (call) you tomorrow.
She ___ (start) her new job next week.
We ___ (travel) to Kabul in summer.
He ___ (not come) to the party.
They ___ (visit) their grandmother soon.
You ___ (see) the doctor in the evening.
I ___ (not forget) your birthday.
The children ___ (play) outside after lunch.
My brother ___ (be) here at 6 PM.
It ___ (rain) today. Look at those clouds!

❌ Part 2: Make Negative Sentences

(Use will/shall not + V₁ OR am/is/are not going to + V₁)

She will meet him.
➤ ______________________________________
I am going to study medicine.
➤ ______________________________________
They will help us.
➤ ______________________________________
We are going to visit the museum.
➤ ______________________________________
He will call you in the morning.
➤ ______________________________________
She is going to cook dinner.
➤ ______________________________________
You will enjoy the trip.
➤ ______________________________________
I will buy a new laptop.
➤ ______________________________________
They are going to clean the house.
➤ ______________________________________
We shall see you later.
➤ ______________________________________

❓ Part 3: Make Questions in Simple Future

(Use Will/Shall + subject + V₁ OR Am/Is/Are + subject + going to + V₁)

He will arrive soon.
➤ ______________________________________
I am going to start a business.
➤ ______________________________________
They are going to meet the teacher.
➤ ______________________________________
You will help me, right?
➤ ______________________________________
She is going to call you.
➤ ______________________________________
We shall join you after lunch.
➤ ______________________________________
He will go to America next year.
➤ ______________________________________
I will talk to her later.
➤ ______________________________________
The children are going to perform on stage.
➤ ______________________________________
She will teach us tomorrow.
➤ ______________________________________

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 13

“Push yourself, because no one else is going to do it for you.“

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
221	Eternal	Without end; everlasting	ابدی	True love is said to be eternal.
222	Excavate	To dig out or remove earth	حفر کردن	They excavated the site to search for ancient ruins.
223	Excommunicate	To officially exclude from a religious group	کفر گفتن / تکفیر کردن	The priest was excommunicated for violating church rules.
224	Extremity	The farthest point or limit; a severe situation	افراد، نهایت	He was pushed to the extremity of despair.
225	Edify	To morally or intellectually improve	ادب کردن، ارشاد کردن	The book is meant to edify young readers.
226	Editorial	A newspaper article expressing an opinion	سرمقاله	She wrote an editorial on climate change.
227	Educate	To teach or train someone	تعلیم دادن	Schools exist to educate future generations.
228	Educated	Having gained knowledge through study	تحصیل کرده، دانا	She is an educated and well-spoken leader.
229	Educator	A person who teaches or educates	مربی، استاد	The educator inspired his students to love learning.
230	Effectual	Successful in producing the desired result	نتیجه‌بخش	His effort was effectual in solving the problem.
231	Effeminate	Having characteristics considered feminine (in men)	زن‌چو، زن‌صفت	He was mocked for his effeminate manner.
232	Effeminacy	The quality of being womanlike (in men)	زن‌چوگری، زن‌صفتی	In some cultures, effeminacy in men is criticized.
233	Effrontery	Shameless or rude boldness	گستاخی	He had the effrontery to lie in front of everyone.
234	Elect	To choose someone by vote	انتخاب کردن	They elected a new president.
235	Elector	A person who has the right to vote	انتخاب‌کننده	Each elector must present an ID to vote.
236	Elder	A person who is older or in a position of respect	بزرگ‌تر	Respect your elders.
237	Effort	Hard work or attempt	کوشش، کوشش کردن	Success requires constant effort.
238	Engineering	The field of designing and building	انجینیری، مهندسی	He is studying mechanical engineering.
239	Economy	The system of production and use of goods and services	اقتصاد	The country’s economy is growing fast.
240	Economical	Using resources wisely and not wastefully	اقتصادی	Hybrid cars are more economical than traditional ones.

✅ Present Continuous / Progressive Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Present Continuous Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + am/is/are + V-ing + Complement	I am studying English.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing + Complement?	Are you studying English?
Negative Interrogative	Am/Is/Are + S + Not + V-ing + Complement?	Is he not studying English?
Negative (منفی)	S + am/is/are + not + V-ing + Complement	I am not studying English.

📝 Note: When contractions are used (e.g., isn’t, aren’t), “Not + Subject” order can also be used:
❗ Isn’t he coming? → Is not he coming? (less common in modern usage)

🧠 2. Grammatical Notes (Adding ING)

Rule	Explanation	Example
🔹 Drop the ‘e’ and add –ing	For verbs ending in silent ‘e’, drop the e before adding –ing.	Make → Making, Take → Taking
🔹 Keep double ‘e’ as it is	If a verb ends in –ee, no changes are made.	Agree → Agreeing
🔹 Add an extra ‘k’ after ‘c’ + ING	For verbs ending in a hard consonant like ‘c’, add k before –ing.	Picnic → Picnicking

📘 3. Usages of Present Continuous Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Action in Progress Now	Action happening at the moment of speaking. Often with: now, right now, currently.	We are studying our lesson right now.	ما همین حالا در حال درس خواندن هستیم.
2. Planned Future Events	Events scheduled to happen in near future.	He is coming here tomorrow.	او فردا به اینجا می‌آید.
3. Ongoing Action (not necessarily now)	An action that is in progress these days, but not necessarily this second.	Ahmad is working in a bank.	احمد در یک بانک کار می‌کند.

🌐 More Examples

English Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
I’m watching TV right now.	من همین حالا تلویزیون تماشا می‌کنم.
Are they coming to class today?	آیا آنها امروز به صنف می‌آیند؟
He isn’t working this week.	او این هفته کار نمی‌کند.
She is studying graphic design these days.	او این روزها دیزاین گرافیک می‌خواند.

🔹 Part 1: Fill in the Blanks (Choose the correct verb form)

Use am/is/are + verb-ing. Choose the correct answer.

Sentence	Options	Answer
1. I ________ (read) a book right now.	a) is reading b) am reading c) are reading	[ ]
2. She ________ (make) dinner in the kitchen.	a) are making b) is making c) am making	[ ]
3. They ________ (watch) a movie.	a) is watching b) are watching c) am watching	[ ]
4. We ________ (learn) English these days.	a) is learning b) are learning c) am learning	[ ]
5. He ________ (not/play) football.	a) is not playing b) are not playing c) am not playing	[ ]
6. You ________ (study) hard for the test.	a) is studying b) are studying c) am studying	[ ]
7. The cat ________ (sleep) on the sofa.	a) are sleeping b) is sleeping c) am sleeping	[ ]
8. My parents ________ (work) today.	a) is working b) are working c) am working	[ ]
9. I ________ (not/listen) to music.	a) is not listening b) are not listening c) am not listening	[ ]
10. We ________ (go) to the market.	a) is going b) are going c) am going	[ ]

🔹 Part 2: Correct the Mistake

Each sentence has a mistake. Write the correct sentence.

She are going to the market.
➤ ___________________________________________
I is working on a new project.
➤ ___________________________________________
They am cleaning their room.
➤ ___________________________________________
We is not watching TV.
➤ ___________________________________________
He are eating breakfast.
➤ ___________________________________________
You is doing your homework.
➤ ___________________________________________
My friends is playing outside.
➤ ___________________________________________
It are raining today.
➤ ___________________________________________
We am traveling tomorrow.
➤ ___________________________________________
I are sleeping now.
➤ ___________________________________________

🔹 Part 3: Make Negative Sentences

Change the affirmative sentence into negative.

Affirmative Sentence	Negative Sentence
1. He is eating lunch.	__________________________________
2. I am writing an email.	__________________________________
3. They are playing cricket.	__________________________________
4. She is singing a song.	__________________________________
5. We are studying now.	__________________________________
6. It is raining outside.	__________________________________
7. The students are listening carefully.	__________________________________
8. I am going to school.	__________________________________
9. He is reading the newspaper.	__________________________________
10. You are running fast.	__________________________________

🔹 Part 4: Make Questions (Yes/No Form)

Change each sentence into a question using am/is/are.

Statement	Question
1. He is working today.	___________________________?
2. They are cooking dinner.	___________________________?
3. She is using a laptop.	___________________________?
4. I am going to school.	___________________________?
5. We are learning English.	___________________________?
6. You are driving now.	___________________________?
7. It is making noise.	___________________________?
8. They are coming late.	___________________________?
9. He is fixing the car.	___________________________?
10. I am watching a movie.	___________________________?

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 14

“Don’t limit your challenges. Challenge your limits.”

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
241	Economize	To reduce spending or use resources wisely	صرفه‌جویی کردن	We must economize to save money this month.
242	Fabricate	To make up or invent (often falsely)	جعل کردن	He fabricated a story to avoid trouble.
243	Factor	A part that contributes to a result	عامل	Hard work is a key factor in success.
244	Faction	A small organized group within a larger one	گروپ، جذب	There was disagreement among factions in the party.
245	Envoy	A diplomatic representative or messenger	نماینده خاص	The president sent an envoy to negotiate peace.
246	Encourage	To give support, confidence, or hope	تشویق کردن	My teacher always encourages me to do my best.
247	Faint-hearted	Lacking courage; easily scared	ترسو، بزدل	Don’t be faint-hearted — face your fears!
248	Fragile	Easily broken or damaged	لطیف، نرم، ملایم	This glass vase is very fragile.
249	Fallible	Capable of making mistakes	اشتباه‌کننده	All humans are fallible, no one is perfect.
250	Famish	To make extremely hungry	گرسنگی دادن	The stranded travelers were famished after days without food.
251	Fancier	A person who is deeply interested in something	علاقه‌مند	He’s a bird fancier and owns rare parrots.
252	Found	To establish or create something	تأسیس کردن	They found a new school in the city.
253	Founder	The person who starts or establishes something	بنیاد‌گذار، تأسیس‌کننده	He is the founder of the charity organization.
254	Foundation	The base or beginning of something	بنیاد، تأسیس	Education is the foundation of a strong society.
255	Founding Anniversary	Celebration of when something was established	سالگرد تأسیس	We celebrated the school’s founding anniversary yesterday.
256	Fate	Destiny or the outcome of events	سرنوشت	No one can escape their fate.
257	Fierce	Violent or strong in force	وحشی	The lion gave a fierce roar.
258	Famous	Well-known or recognized by many	مشهور	He is a famous actor in Bollywood.
259	Full stop	The punctuation mark used to end a sentence	نقطه	Don’t forget the full stop at the end of the sentence.
260	Fulfil	To complete or achieve something	انجام دادن	She fulfilled her dream of becoming a doctor.

✅ Past Progressive Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Past Progressive Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + Was/Were + V-ing + Complement	Ahmad was painting the wall.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Was/Were + S + V-ing + Complement?	Was Ahmad painting the wall?
Negative (منفی)	S + Was/Were + Not + V-ing + Complement	Ahmad was not painting the wall.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Was/Were + S + Not + V-ing + Complement?	Was Ahmad not painting the wall?

📘 2. Usages of Past Progressive Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Ongoing Action in the Past	Describes an action that was happening at a specific time in the past.	He was studying the lesson last night.	او شب گذشته درس می‌خواند.
		She was watching TV at 6:00 o’clock.	او ساعت شش تلویزیون تماشا می‌کرد.
		They were playing ball when I called them.	وقتی من به آن‌ها زنگ زدم، آن‌ها توپ بازی می‌کردند.
		While I was studying, he knocked at the door.	زمانی‌که من درس می‌خواندم، او در را زد.
2. Past Habit with “Always”	Shows a repeated past habit, especially with “always”.	Ahmad and Mahmood were always studying together.	احمد و محمود همیشه با هم درس می‌خواندند.
		They were always walking on the street.	آن‌ها همیشه در خیابان قدم می‌زدند.

🧠 3. Grammatical Notes

Rule	Explanation	Example
🔹 Use Was with I, He, She, It	For singular subjects in past continuous	She was sleeping.
🔹 Use Were with You, We, They	For plural subjects in past continuous	They were playing.
🔹 Always use V-ing form of the verb	Add -ing to the base verb	watching, going, reading
🔹 Use While/When in complex past actions	To connect two past actions happening at the same time	While he was reading, I was writing.

🌐 More Examples

English Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
I was reading a book when the light went out.	وقتی برق رفت، من کتاب می‌خواندم.
Were they working on the project yesterday?	آیا آن‌ها دیروز روی پروژه کار می‌کردند؟
She was not listening to me.	او به من گوش نمی‌داد.
Was he not doing his homework?	آیا او تکالیفش را انجام نمی‌داد؟
You were always talking in class.	تو همیشه در صنف صحبت می‌کردی.

✅ Section 1: Fill in the Blanks – Choose the Correct Past Continuous Form

(Use was/were + verb-ing)

She __________ (cook) when I arrived.
They __________ (not/sleep) during the movie.
I __________ (study) all night yesterday.
What __________ you __________ (do) at 9 PM?
We __________ (walk) to school when it started to rain.
He __________ (not/watch) TV; he was reading.
My mother __________ (bake) a cake yesterday afternoon.
The kids __________ (play) in the garden.
__________ she __________ (cry) at the party?
While Riya __________ (write), her brother __________ (sleep).

✅ Section 2: Sentence Correction & Creation

(Correct the errors and create new sentences using Past Continuous)

They was going to school.
Was you talking on the phone?
I were playing football with my cousins.
Make a negative sentence: He was singing a song.
Make a question: She was writing a letter.
Correct this: He not was watching TV.
Create a sentence using “while” with two actions.
Make a negative sentence: I was cleaning the house.
Create a sentence: It / rain / when we / leave.
Correct this: Were she coming to the party?

✅ Section 3: Choose the Best Usage – Identify the Correct Sentence

(One correct answer in each. Others have common mistakes students make.)

A. She was cried when I met her.
B. She was crying when I met her.
C. She cried was when I met her.
D. Was she crying when I met her?

A. They weren’t play football yesterday.
B. They was playing football yesterday.
C. They were playing football yesterday.
D. Were they playing football yesterday not?

A. Was he driving too fast?
B. He was drive too fast.
C. He were driving too fast.
D. He was drove too fast.

A. It was snowing while we were walking.
B. It snowing was while we walked.
C. It was snowed while we walking.
D. It snow while we were walk.

A. Were they sleeping when the phone rang?
B. They were sleeping when the phone rang?
C. They was sleeping when the phone rang.
D. Were they sleep when the phone rang?

A. My sister not was studying.
B. My sister was not studying.
C. My sister were not studying.
D. My sister was studying not.

A. While I was read, my friend was call me.
B. While I reading, my friend was calling me.
C. While I was reading, my friend was calling me.
D. While I was reading, my friend calling me.

A. I was play the guitar.
B. I playing the guitar.
C. I was playing the guitar.
D. I were playing the guitar.

A. They was working late yesterday.
B. They working late yesterday.
C. They were working late yesterday.
D. They are working late yesterday.

A. Was he not coming?
B. Was not he coming?
C. He was not coming?
D. Wasn’t he coming?

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 15

“Education opens the mind and the heart.”

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
261	Favorable	Expressing approval; helpful or beneficial	مساعد	The weather was favorable for a picnic.
262	Fundamental	Basic and essential	اساسی	Honesty is a fundamental value in life.
263	Funeral	A ceremony for a deceased person	مراسم دفن	Many people attended her funeral.
264	Freedom	The state of being free	آزادی	Everyone deserves freedom of speech.
265	Free agent	Someone not under contract or restriction	خودمختار	As a free agent, he can work for any company he chooses.
266	Fruitful	Producing good results; productive	مفید، سودمند، میوه‌دار	Their meeting was very fruitful.
267	Fellow	A man or a companion	شخص	He’s a good fellow with a kind heart.
268	Fellowship	A friendly relationship between people	رفاقت	Their fellowship lasted for years.
269	Fellow feeling	Sympathy or shared emotion	حس هم‌نوعی	I felt fellow feeling for him in his tough time.
270	Flatter	To praise insincerely for personal gain	چاپلوسی کردن	Don’t flatter your boss too much.
271	Flatterer	Someone who gives excessive praise	چاپلوس	The king was surrounded by flatterers.
272	Fear	A strong emotion caused by danger or threat	ترس	She has a fear of heights.
273	Fame	Being known or recognized by many	شهرت	He gained fame after writing a bestselling novel.
274	Feud	A long and bitter conflict	کینه، دشمنی، عداوت کردن	The two families had a long-standing feud.
275	Fertile	Able to produce crops or support growth	حاصل‌خیز	The land in this region is very fertile.
276	Flag	A symbol of a nation or group	بیرق	They raised the national flag at the ceremony.
277	Forbid	To order not to do something	منع کردن	Smoking is forbidden here.
278	Forfeit	To lose something as a penalty	تاوان، تاوان دادن	He had to forfeit the game due to injury.
279	Frighten	To scare or make someone afraid	ترساندن	The noise frightened the baby.
280	Glance	A quick look	نگاه کوتاه کردن	She glanced at her watch during the meeting.

✅ Past Perfect Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Future Progressive Tense

📍 Structure 1: Using “will/shall be + V-ing”

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + Shall/Will + Be + V-ing + Complement	I shall be watching TV.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Shall/Will + S + Be + V-ing + Complement?	Shall I be watching TV?
Negative (منفی)	S + Shall/Will + Not + Be + V-ing + Complement	I shall not be watching TV.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Shall/Will + S + Not + Be + V-ing + Complement?	Shall I not be watching TV?

📍 Structure 2: Using “going to be + V-ing”

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + To be (am/is/are) + Going to be + V-ing + Complement	They are going to be playing football.
Interrogative (سوالی)	To be + S + Going to be + V-ing + Complement?	Are they going to be playing football?
Negative (منفی)	S + To be + Not + Going to be + V-ing + Complement	They are not going to be playing football.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	To be + S + Not + Going to be + V-ing + Complement?	Are they not going to be playing football?

🧠 2. Usage – موارد استعمال

Future Progressive Tense is used to express an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.

🕰 زمان آینده استمراری: برای بیان عملی استعمال می‌گردد که در آینده در یک زمان معین در حال انجام باشد.

English Usage	Example Sentence	Dari/Farsi Translation
To describe an action that will be ongoing in the future	She will be studying at 10 o’clock.	او در ساعت ده مصروف مطالعه خواهد بود.
To talk about future plans in progress	We shall be traveling to Kabul next week.	ما هفته آینده در حال سفر به کابل خواهیم بود.
With a time expression to show the action’s duration	He is going to be working all day tomorrow.	او تمام روز فردا مصروف کار خواهد بود.
Asking about someone’s future activity at a specific time	What will you be doing at this time tomorrow?	در این وقت فردا چه کار خواهی کرد؟
	Are you going to be using the computer tonight?	آیا امشب در حال استفاده از کمپیوتر خواهی بود؟

⏱ Common Time Expressions Used:

At this time tomorrow
Next week/month/year
Tonight at 7 o’clock
The whole day next Friday
In a few hours

📋 Quick Summary Table

Structure	Meaning	Example
Will/Shall + be + V-ing	Future action in progress	I will be writing a blog tomorrow.
To be + going to + be + V-ing	Planned future action in progress	She is going to be practicing at 5:00 PM.

✅ Section 1: Fill in the Blanks – Choose the Correct Future Continuous Form

(Use “will be + verb-ing”)

She __________ (travel) to Delhi next weekend.
At this time tomorrow, I __________ (give) a presentation.
We __________ (not/play) cricket at 6 PM.
__________ they __________ (study) for the test tonight?
He __________ (not/watch) the movie when you arrive.
What __________ you __________ (do) at 9 in the morning?
My friends __________ (come) to visit us in the evening.
They __________ (not/work) on the project tomorrow morning.
I __________ (attend) the seminar next week.
While she’s in class, I __________ (wait) for her outside.

✅ Section 2: Sentence Correction & Creation

(Correct the mistakes and form proper Future Continuous sentences)

He will working on his homework.
Will be they coming with us?
I will not be goes to the market.
Make a negative sentence: They will be driving to the airport.
Create a sentence: You / read / a book / at 5 PM.
Correct this: She will be not attending the meeting.
Make a WH-question: What / you / do / at this time next week?
Create a future continuous sentence using “while.”
Write a sentence: He / not / work / when I call.
Correct this: Will she be comes early?

✅ Section 3: Choose the Best Usage – Identify the Correct Sentence

(Only one sentence is correct in each group — others include common errors)

A. I will be studying for the exam tomorrow.
B. I will studying for the exam tomorrow.
C. I will be study for the exam tomorrow.
D. I be studying for the exam tomorrow.

A. He will works when we arrive.
B. He will be working when we arrive.
C. He working will be when we arrive.
D. Will be he working when we arrive?

A. She won’t be coming to the party.
B. She will not coming to the party.
C. She not be coming to the party.
D. She will be not coming to the party.

A. Will they be travelling next week?
B. Will be they travelling next week?
C. They will travelling next week?
D. Will they travelling be next week?

A. We be staying at a hotel in Paris.
B. We will be staying at a hotel in Paris.
C. We will staying at a hotel in Paris.
D. We will be stay at a hotel in Paris.

A. Will not she be attending the function?
B. Will she not be attending the function?
C. Will she be not attending the function?
D. She will not be attending the function?

A. What will you be doing tomorrow evening?
B. What you will be doing tomorrow evening?
C. What will be you doing tomorrow evening?
D. What doing will you be tomorrow evening?

A. At 10 AM, they will be take their exam.
B. At 10 AM, they will taking their exam.
C. At 10 AM, they will be taking their exam.
D. At 10 AM, they will takes their exam.

A. My mother will not be cook lunch at noon.
B. My mother will not be cooking lunch at noon.
C. My mother will not cooking lunch at noon.
D. My mother will cooking not lunch at noon.

A. While you’re studying, I will be sleeps.
B. While you’re studying, I will be sleep.
C. While you’re studying, I will sleeping.
D. While you’re studying, I will be sleeping.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 16

“The expert in anything was once a beginner.” — Helen Hayes

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
281	Glance	A quick or brief look	نگاه کوتاه کردن	She gave a quick glance at the clock.
282	Globe	The earth; a spherical object	کره، زمین، گرد کردن	We studied the continents on the globe.
283	Global	Worldwide; relating to the whole world	جهان، کروی	Climate change is a global issue.
284	Grade	A level or rank, especially in school	درجه	He got an A grade in mathematics.
285	Goods	Products or items for sale	اجناس	The shop sells imported goods.
286	Glorious	Magnificent or worthy of admiration	مجلل، باشکوه	They had a glorious wedding celebration.
287	Glorify	To praise or honor highly	حمد گفتن، ثنا گفتن	The book glorifies the hero’s bravery.
288	Gainsay	To deny or contradict	انکار، انکار کردن	No one could gainsay her testimony.
289	Germinate	To begin to grow (like a seed)	جوانه زدن، سبز شدن	The seeds germinated quickly in the sunlight.
290	Glasshouse	A building made of glass to grow plants	گلخانه	They grow roses in a large glasshouse.
291	Humanize	To make something more human or civilized	انسان ساختن	Education helps humanize our behavior.
292	Host	A person who receives guests or organizes an event	میزبان، میزبانی کردن	He was a generous host during the festival.
293	Handkerchief	A piece of cloth for wiping face or nose	دستمال، دستمال کردن	He carried a white handkerchief in his pocket.
294	Half	One of two equal parts	نیم، نصف	I ate only half of the sandwich.
295	Hold	To grasp, carry, or keep	نگهداشتن	Please hold my bag for a minute.
296	Invest	To put money or effort into something for profit	سرمایه‌گذاری کردن	He invested in a new business venture.
297	Investment	The act of putting money into something for gain	سرمایه‌گذاری	Real estate is a good long-term investment.
298	Investor	A person who puts money into something to gain returns	سرمایه‌گذار	Foreign investors are interested in this market.
299	Inaccessible	Not easily reached or entered	غیر قابل دسترسی	The mountain village is inaccessible in winter.
300	Imposed war	A war forced upon a country or people	جنگ تحمیلی	Many innocent lives were lost in the imposed war.

✅ Present Perfect Tense

✅ 1. Structures of Present Perfect Tense

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + Have/Has + V³ + Complement	I have visited Paris.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Have/Has + S + V³ + Complement?	Have I visited Paris?
Negative (منفی)	S + Have/Has + Not + V³ + Complement	I have not visited Paris.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Have/Has + S + Not + V³ + Complement?	Have I not visited Paris?

🔸 Have is used with I, You, We, They
🔸 Has is used with He, She, It, singular names

🧠 2. Usages of Present Perfect Tense

Usage Type	Explanation	Example	Dari/Farsi Translation
1. Unspecified Past Action	Shows an action that happened at an unknown time in the past.	She has already finished the chores.	او قبلاً کارهای خانه را انجام داده است.
		Ahmad and Mahmood have not gone to school yet.	احمد و محمود تا هنوز به مکتب نرفته اند.
🔹 Common Adverbs: already, yet, before, recently, several times, ever, never…
2. Action Started in the Past, May Continue	Used with since and for to show something that began in the past and may still be ongoing.	I have studied English for six months.	من برای شش ماه انگلیسی خوانده‌ام.
		The Ahmady Family has lived in Kabul since 1984.	فامیل احمدی از سال 1984 در کابل زندگی کرده‌اند.
🔹 Use “for” = for a period of time (2 days, six months)
🔹 Use “since” = from a specific point in time (1984, last Monday)
3. Immediate Past with “Just”	Used with just to show something happened a moment ago.	They have just come home.	آن‌ها همین حالا به خانه آمده‌اند.
		We have just started the lesson.	ما همین حالا درس را شروع کرده‌ایم.

📋 3. Quick Reference Table

Subject	Auxiliary	Example Sentence
I	have	I have finished my homework.
He/She/It	has	She has traveled to India.
We/They/You	have	They have already eaten dinner.

🌐 4. More Examples with Adverbs

Sentence	Translation (Dari/Farsi)
Have you ever been to Turkey?	آیا تا حال به ترکیه رفته‌ای؟
He has never met her before.	او هرگز با او قبلاً ملاقات نکرده است.
We have recently bought a new car.	ما اخیراً یک موتر جدید خریده‌ایم.
She has already written the email.	او قبلاً ایمیل را نوشته است.
I haven’t seen that movie yet.	من تا هنوز آن فلم را ندیده‌ام.

✅ Section 1: Fill in the Blanks – Choose the Correct Form

(Use has/have + past participle correctly)

She __________ (finish) her homework.
I __________ (never/see) that movie.
We __________ (visit) the Taj Mahal twice.
He __________ (not/complete) his assignment yet.
__________ you ever __________ (eat) sushi?
They __________ (not/arrive) at the station.
My friend __________ (just/leave) the classroom.
It __________ (rain) a lot this week.
She __________ (live) in this city since 2020.
__________ he __________ (call) you today?

✅ Section 2: Sentence Correction & Creation

(Correct the sentences or create new ones using Present Perfect)

He have finished his project.
Have she completed the task?
I has gone to the market.
Make a negative sentence: They have cleaned the house.
Create a sentence: you / ever / be / to the zoo?
Correct this: We has never met him before.
Make a WH-question: How long / she / know / him?
Write a sentence using “already”.
Write a sentence using “yet”.
Correct this: Has you seen my phone?

✅ Section 3: Choose the Best Usage – Identify the Correct Sentence

(One sentence is correct. Others include typical student mistakes.)

A. I have finished my work.
B. I has finished my work.
C. I have finish my work.
D. I have finishing my work.

A. He has went to the bank.
B. He have gone to the bank.
C. He has gone to the bank.
D. He gone has to the bank.

A. They have not been here today.
B. They has not been here today.
C. They have be here today.
D. Have they being here today?

A. Have you seen her yet?
B. You have seen her yet?
C. Have seen you her yet?
D. Has you seen her yet?

A. We have met him just now.
B. We just now have met him.
C. We have just met him.
D. We has just met him.

A. I have eat my lunch.
B. I have eaten my lunch.
C. I has eaten my lunch.
D. Have I eating my lunch?

A. She have written three books.
B. She has wrote three books.
C. She has written three books.
D. She written has three books.

A. Have they gone home already?
B. They has gone home already?
C. Have they go home already?
D. Have they been going home already?

A. He have not answered yet.
B. He has not answered yet.
C. He has not answer yet.
D. Has he not answers yet?

A. I’ve never been to Paris.
B. I’ve never went to Paris.
C. I’ve never go to Paris.
D. I never have been to Paris.

📝 Homework

Task Type	Homework
practice	complete the practice setion and copy the practice in your notebooks.
Speaking	Topic of speaking, conversation, group discustion , etc will be share form teacher side on class.
Vocabulary	copy the vocabulary words in your notebooks and add 2 examples for each words.
Grammar	Practice and memorize the grammar since you have to answer the teachers questions on class next class.

🗓️ Day 17

“Success is not the key to happiness. Knowledge and growth are the keys to success.”

No.	Word	English Meaning	Persian Meaning	Example Sentence	Your Example
301	Intentional	Done on purpose or deliberately	قصدی، عمدی	The damage to the car was clearly intentional.
302	Insure	To protect financially through insurance	تضمین کردن	You should insure your house against fire.
303	Inaugurate	To formally open or begin something	افتتاح کردن	The mayor will inaugurate the new hospital tomorrow.
304	Inaugural	Relating to the first event or ceremony	افتتاحیه	He gave his inaugural speech as the new president.
305	Interim government	A temporary ruling authority	دولت انتقالی	The interim government will oversee elections.
306	Involvement	The act of participating or being engaged	درگیری، گرفتاری	Her involvement in the project was essential.
307	Individual	Single person or thing; personal	فردی، شخصی، افرادی	Every individual has rights.
308	Indifferent	Having no particular interest; unconcerned	خونسرد	He was indifferent to the results.
309	Intellectual	Relating to intelligence or reasoning	خردمند	She is known for her intellectual strength.
310	Independent	Not controlled by others; self-reliant	مستقل	He started living an independent life at 18.
311	Independence	Freedom from control or influence	استقلال، آزادی	The country celebrated 50 years of independence.
312	Embassy	The official office of a country in another nation	سفارت	I visited the Indian Embassy for a visa.
313	Inform	To give someone facts or information	آگاه کردن	The teacher informed the students about the new rules.
314	Import	To bring goods or services from abroad	وارد کردن	They import cars from Germany.
315	Investigate	To look into or examine in detail	تحقیق کردن	The police are investigating the case.
316	Innocent	Not guilty of a crime or offense	بی‌گناه	The jury found him innocent.
317	Impartial	Fair and not biased	بی‌طرف	A judge must remain impartial at all times.
318	Illustrate	To explain something clearly with examples or visuals	شرح دادن، توضیح دادن	He used diagrams to illustrate his point.
319	Grace	Elegance and smoothness	وقار	She accepted the award with grace.
320	Graceful	Showing elegance or beauty in movement	باوقار، باعزت	The dancer’s movements were graceful and calm.

✅ Past Perfect Tense

✅ 1. Structures – ساختمان

Form	Structure	Example
Affirmative (مثبت)	S + Had + V3 + Complement	I had fixed the picture on the wall.
Interrogative (سوالی)	Had + S + V3 + Complement?	Had I fixed the picture on the wall?
Negative (منفی)	S + Had + Not + V3 + Complement	I had not fixed the picture on the wall.
Negative Interrogative (سوال منفی)	Had + S + Not + V3 + Complement?	Had I not fixed the picture on the wall?

🧠 2. Usage – موارد استعمال

The Past Perfect Tense is used to show:

An action that started and was completed before another past action.
An action that had just finished before a specific point in the past.

⏳ زمان گذشته کامل: عملی را نشان می‌دهد که قبل از یک عمل دیگر در گذشته شروع و پایان یافته باشد.
همچنین عملی را بیان می‌کند که پیش از یک زمان معین در گذشته به اتمام رسیده باشد.

📝 Notes:

The past perfect is often used with “before”, “after”, or “when” to compare two actions in the past.
The action that occurred first takes the past perfect, and the second action takes simple past.

📍 Examples:

English Sentence	Dari/Farsi Translation
She had cooked lunch before we arrived home.	او قبل از آمدن ما نان چاشت را پخته بود.
He had finished his homework before 8 o’clock.	او قبل از ساعت ۸ وظیفه‌اش را تمام کرده بود.
They had left the party when I reached there.	آنها زمانی که من رسیدم، مهمانی را ترک کرده بودند.
I had never seen such a beautiful place before.	من قبلاً چنین جای زیبایی ندیده بودم.
Ahmad had helped his mother before her death. (corrected)	احمد قبل از وفات مادرش، به او کمک کرده بود.

⏱ Common Time Expressions with Past Perfect:

Before
After
When
By the time
Already
Never
Just
Until that time

⚡ Quick Comparison:

Tense	Usage	Example
Simple Past	A completed action in the past.	I arrived home at 5 PM.
Past Perfect	An action completed before another past action.	I had arrived home before it started raining.

✅ Section 1: Fill in the Blanks – Choose the Correct Form

(Use has/have + past participle correctly)

She __________ (finish) her homework.
I __________ (never/see) that movie.
We __________ (visit) the Taj Mahal twice.
He __________ (not/complete) his assignment yet.
__________ you ever __________ (eat) sushi?
They __________ (not/arrive) at the station.
My friend __________ (just/leave) the classroom.
It __________ (rain) a lot this week.
She __________ (live) in this city since 2020.
__________ he __________ (call) you today?

✅ Section 2: Sentence Correction & Creation

(Correct the sentences or create new ones using Present Perfect)

He have finished his project.
Have she completed the task?
I has gone to the market.
Make a negative sentence: They have cleaned the house.
Create a sentence: you / ever / be / to the zoo?
Correct this: We has never met him before.
Make a WH-question: How long / she / know / him?
Write a sentence using “already”.
Write a sentence using “yet”.
Correct this: Has you seen my phone?